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The (1180–1185) was a conflict between the Taira and Minamoto clans during the late-Heian period of Japan. It resulted in the fall of the Taira clan and the establishment of the Kamakura shogunate under Minamoto Yoritomo in 1192. The name "Genpei" (pronounced and sometimes romanised as ''Gempei'') comes from alternate readings of the kanji "Minamoto" (源) and "Taira" (平). The conflict is also known in Japanese as the ,〔In the name "''Jishō''-''Juei'' War", the noun "''Jishō''" refers to the ''nengō'' (Japanese era name) after "''Angen''" and before "''Yōwa''." In other words, the ''Jishō''-''Juei'' War occurred during ''Jishō'', which was a time period spanning the years from 1177 through 1181.〕〔In the name "''Jishō''-''Juei'' War", the noun "''Juei''" refers to the ''nengō'' (Japanese era name) after "''Yōwa''" and before "''Genryaku''." In other words, the ''Jishō''-''Juei'' War occurred during ''Juei'', which was a time period spanning the years from 1182 through 1184.〕 after the two eras between which it took place. It began with Minamoto support for a different candidate to take the throne, in conflict with the Taira's nomination. The ensuing Battle of Uji took place just outside Kyoto, starting a five-year-long war, concluding with a decisive Minamoto victory in the naval Battle of Dan-no-ura. ==Background== The Genpei War was the culmination of a decades-long conflict between the two aforementioned clans over dominance of the Imperial court, and by extension, control of Japan. In the Hōgen Rebellion〔In the name "''Hōgen'' Rebellion", the noun "''Hōgen''" refers to the ''nengō'' (Japanese era name) after "''Kyūju''" and before "''Heiji''." In other words, the ''Hōgen'' Rebellion occurred during ''Hōgen'', which was a time period spanning the years from 1156 through 1159.〕 and in the Heiji Rebellion〔In the name "''Heiji'' Rebellion", the noun "''Heiji''" refers to the ''nengō'' (Japanese era name) after "''Hōgen''" and before "''Eiryaku''." In other words, the ''Heiji'' Rebellion occurred during ''Heiji'', which was a time period spanning the years from 1159 through 1160.〕 of earlier decades, the Minamoto attempted to regain control from the Taira and failed. The Taira then began a series of executions, intended to eliminate their rivals. In 1177, relations between the Taira clan and the retired Emperor Go-Shirakawa became highly strained, and the latter attempted a ''coup d'état'' to oust the Daijō Daijin (prime minister), Taira no Kiyomori. Kiyomori defeated the former emperor and abolished the Insei system. This provoked strong anti-Taira sentiment. On March 21, 1180, Taira no Kiyomori put his grandson, Antoku (then only 3 years of age), on the throne, after the abdication of Emperor Takakura. Go-Shirakawa's son, Prince Mochihito, felt that he was being denied his rightful place on the throne and, with the help of Minamoto Yoritomo, sent out a call to arms to the various samurai families and Buddhist monasteries on May 5. In June, Kiyomori moved the seat of imperial power to Fukuhara (modern day Kobe), in the hope of promoting trade with Song Dynasty China, and on the fifteenth of that month, Prince Mochihito fled Kyoto to take refuge in Mii-dera. 抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』 ■ウィキペディアで「Genpei War」の詳細全文を読む スポンサード リンク
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